Textbook in PDF format Ackley and Ladwig’s Nursing Diagnosis Handbook: An Evidence-­Based Guide to Planning Care is a convenient reference to help the practicing nurse or nursing student make a nursing diagnosis and write a care plan with ease and confidence. This handbook helps nurses correlate nursing diagnoses with known information about clients on the basis of assessment findings; established medical, surgical, or psychiatric diagnoses; and the current treatment plan. Making a nursing diagnosis and planning care are complex processes that involve diagnostic reasoning and critical thinking skills. Nursing students and practicing nurses cannot possibly memorize the extensive list of defining characteristics, related factors, and risk factors for the 267 diagnoses approved by NANDA-­International (NANDA-­I). There are also two additional diagnoses that the authors think are significant: Hearing Loss and Vision Loss. These diagnoses are contained in Appendix E (on the Evolve website). This book correlates suggested nursing diagnoses with what nurses know about clients and offers a care plan for each nursing diagnosis