Textbook in PDF format This work gives a comprehensive overview on materials, processes and technological challenges for electrochemical storage and conversion of energy. Optimization and development of electrochemical cells requires consideration of the cell as a whole, taking into account the complex interplay of all individual components. Considering the availability of resources, their environmental impact and requirements for recycling, the design of new concepts has to be based on the understanding of relevant processes at an atomic level. Introduction to energy storage: market analysis, raw materials, recycling, new concepts Fundamental principles of battery design Battery concepts: The past, the present, and research highlights Battery Materials Characterization methods