Textbook in PDF format This volume compiles selected papers focusing on the applications of differential equations across various scientific domains, presented at the International Conference "New Trends in the Applications of Differential Equations in Sciences" (NTADES), which took place in Saints Constantine and Helena, Bulgaria, in July 2024. The book is organized around several key themes, including applications in mathematical physics, mathematical biology, financial mathematics, fractional analysis, numerical methods, and neuroscience. The covered applications encompass diverse topics such as mechanics, neural networks in insurance, credit portfolios, predator-prey systems with fractional derivatives, recent findings regarding COVID-19 epidemic waves, memristive cellular nonlinear networks, and more. By promoting fundamental research in mathematics, this book aims to develop new methods and techniques that can effectively address real-life challenges through the application of differential equations